*401/20Transport Canada – COVID-19 Measures, Updates and Guidance

(Recurrent publication of notice *401/20, originally published in the Notices to Mariners – Monthly Eastern Edition 04/2020 publication.)

Please refer to the link below for the latest updates to transportation related measures taken by Transport Canada in response to the evolving novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19):
https://www.tc.gc.ca/en/initiatives/covid-19-measures-updates-guidance-tc.html.

For travel advice and all other updates, please visit: Canada.ca/coronavirus.

*206/22Transport Canada – Annual Edition of Notices to Mariners 2022 - Section A3, Notice 7A: Voyage Planning for Vessels Intending to Navigate in Canada's Northern Waters

(Recurrent publication of notice *206/22, originally published in the Notices to Mariners – Monthly Eastern Edition 02/2022 publication.)

Transport Canada has revised notice 7A, Voyage Planning for Vessels Intending to Navigate in Canada’s Northern Waters, of the Annual Edition of Notices to Mariners to reflect Arctic Shipping Safety and Pollution Prevention Regulations (ASSPPR) and to provide further guidance on voyage planning.

*401/22Protecting the North Atlantic Right Whale: Speed Restriction Measures in the Gulf of St. Lawrence

(Recurrent publication of notice *401/22, originally published in the Notices to Mariners – Special Edition 02/2022 publication.)

PURPOSE

This notice describes the speed restriction zones that vessels must follow in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

The Government of Canada has established these zones to reduce the risk of vessel colliding with North Atlantic right whales (NARW).

BACKGROUND

Due to changing migration patterns of North Atlantic right whales and their increased presence in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the Government of Canada has set seasonal speed restrictions in specific zones. These speed restrictions zones are defined as “static zones,” “dynamic shipping zones,” “seasonal management areas,” a trial “voluntary slowdown zone” and a “restricted area.” See the map below for details.

Note: Vessels must follow Navigational Warnings outlining the speed restrictions. The Interim Order for the Protection of North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena Glacialis) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2022 enables the issuance of Navigational Warnings (NAVWARNs) imposing speed restrictions and navigation restrictions.

Speed restriction zones are described in monthly Notices to Mariners (NOTMARs), which are published by the Canadian Coast Guard. The status of these zones is broadcast through NAVWARNs, which are published by the Coast Guard’s Marine Communications and Traffic Services Centres.

CHANGES TO SPEED RESTRICTION ZONES AND MEASURES

Based on consultations with industry and on scientific data, changes to the speed restriction zones will be effective from April 20, 2022, while the restricted area will be implemented based on whale presence:

•For a third and final year, a trial voluntary slowdown of 10.0 knots over the ground spanning from Cabot Strait (a line running from Cape North NS to Cape Ray NL) to the eastern edge of dynamic shipping zone E will be implemented at the beginning and end of the North Atlantic right whale season.
•Again this year, a restricted area located in and near Shediac Valley. The location and size are both based on historical data of North Atlantic right whale aggregations, while the triggering mechanism is based on in-season detections.

•The 36.57 m (20-fathom) shallow water protocol will apply once again to all commercial fishing vessels.

Please check the latest NAVWARN for all speed restrictions currently in effect.

SPEED RESTRICTION MEASURES FOR 2022

These restrictions will be in effect from April 20 to November 15, 2022.

Exceptions

The following exception will apply to all measures:

a)a vessel in distress or providing assistance to a person or a vessel in distress;

b)a government vessel being used

(i) for law enforcement activities;
(ii) for search and rescue operations; or
(iii) to ensure the competency of the crew or the operational readiness of the vessel or crew with respect to such activities or operations.

STATIC ZONES

In the static zones, all vessels above 13 m in length overall (LOA) must proceed at a speed of not more than 10.0 knots over the ground.

Exceptions

Air cushion vessels operated by or on behalf of the Government of Canada that are engaged in ice-clearing activities from April to June in and around Chaleur Bay are exempted when in operation.

36.57 m (20-fathom) shallow water protocol

Vessels engaged in any commercial fishing activity may proceed at a safe operational speed in waters not more than 36.57 m (20 fathom) deep.

If a notice to fish harvesters states that at least one right whale has been detected within static zone in waters that are not more than 36.57 m deep, the 10 knots speed limit will apply to all vessels above 13 m in length overall (LOA) 15 days after the day on which the whale was detected.

If a new notice to fish harvesters is published or broadcast during the last seven days of the 15-day period, the speed limit will continue to apply for a further 15 days after the day on which the new detection took place.

DYNAMIC SHIPPING ZONES

There are five dynamic shipping zones (DSZ) located in the routeing systems north and south of Anticosti Island: A, B, C, D and E.

Coordinates for the dynamic shipping zones:

When a North Atlantic right whale is detected in a dynamic shipping zone:

•All vessels will be notified via a NAVWARN; and
•Vessels above 13 m in length overall (LOA) must proceed at a speed of not more than 10.0 knots over the ground within that zone.

Even though dynamic shipping zones overlap with static zones, vessels can travel at a safe operational speed in dynamic shipping zones when they are not under speed restriction. They must also keep in mind that North Atlantic right whales may be nearby.

Speed restrictions in the dynamic shipping zones

The detection of North Atlantic right whales in one or more dynamic shipping zone(s), will trigger a speed restriction in the concerned zone(s). The speed restriction in the dynamic shipping zone(s) will be in effect for 15 days from the date of detection. In the event of a new North Atlantic right whale detection occurring in the last 7 days of the 15-day slowdown period, the speed restriction may be extended for an additional 15 days from the date of the new detection. This would continue until no NARW are detected.

When a NAVWARN is issued implementing a speed restriction in one or more dynamic shipping zone(s), vessels above 13 m in length (LOA) must not exceed a speed of 10.0 knots over the ground. Within any dynamic zone that is not subject to a speed restriction, mariners may proceed at a safe operational speed. Mariners are encouraged to take into consideration the potential for their vessel striking North Atlantic right whales when considering a “safe operational speed” during navigation.

SEASONAL MANAGEMENT AREAS

Seasonal management area 1 (SMA-1) and seasonal management area 2 (SMA-2) are speed restriction areas located north and south of dynamic shipping zone E, respectively.

Within seasonal management areas, vessels above 13 m in length (LOA):

•must restrict their speed so as not to exceed 10.0 knots over the ground from April 20 to June 28, 2022; and

•are allowed to proceed at a safe operational speed from June 29 to November 15, 2022, unless a North Atlantic right whale is detected. If a whale is detected, a speed restriction of 10.0 knots over the ground will be triggered for 15 days from the date of detection. In the event of a new North Atlantic right whale detection occurring in the last 7 days of the 15-day slowdown period, the speed restriction may be extended for an additional 15 days from the date of the new detection. This would continue until no North Atlantic right whales are detected.

RESTRICTED AREA

In the summer months, an important proportion of the total North Atlantic right whale population gathers for feeding and surface activity near the Shediac Valley. Since this makes the North Atlantic right whale more susceptible to vessel collisions, a mandatory restricted area will be implemented in and near the Shediac Valley and will come into force once 80% of the restricted area is closed to fishing for the season as per the Department of Fisheries and Oceans’s right whale closure protocol. The restricted area will be lifted once the North Atlantic right whale detections decrease in the restricted area.
The size and location of the area are determined based on historical detection data of North Atlantic right whales. All necessary details can be found in the Interim Order for the Protection of North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena Glacialis) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2022. Triggering and lifting of the restricted area will be communicated to mariners through a NAVWARN and notice to fish harvesters.

Vessels above 13 m in length (LOA) will be required to:

•avoid the area unless they are part of the exceptions listed in the Interim Order for the Protection of North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena Glacialis) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2022;

•transit the area at a speed not exceeding 8.0 knots over the ground if they are part of the exceptions.

The following exceptions will apply to the restricted area. Vessels listed can travel through the area at not more than 8.0 knots over the ground:

•A vessel being used for commercial fishing;
•A vessel being used for fishing under the authority of a licence issued under the Aboriginal Communal Fishing Licences Regulations;
•A vessel being used for research purposes on behalf of the Government of Canada;
•A vessel being used as part of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans’ Marine Mammal Response Program to assist a marine mammal or sea turtle in distress or to access or retrieve a deceased marine mammal or sea turtle;
•A vessel authorized by the Government of Canada to retrieve or identify the location of abandoned or lost fishing gear;
•A vessel involved in pollution response operations;
•A vessel avoiding immediate or unforeseen danger;

•A vessel involved in research relating to right whales as part of a project that has received funding from the Government of Canada.

The following vessels can travel through the restricted area at a speed over 8.0 knots, but below 10.0 knots over the ground as required by the static speed restriction zone:

•A vessel being used by an employee of the Government of Canada or peace officer who is performing their duties.

The location and size of the restricted area will not be modified during the season.

Coordinates for the restricted area:

•48˚31.8’ N, 063˚39.6’ W
•48˚24.72’ N, 063˚17.88’ W
•47˚18.84’ N, 064˚10.8’ W

•47˚27.18’ N, 064˚30.72’ W

Inclement weather exception

Mariners will be notified in advance via a NAVWARN should the speed restriction status change in any zone or area, due to inclement weather.

Within any zone or area that is no longer subject to a speed restriction due to adverse weather conditions, mariners may proceed at a safe operational speed. Mariners are however encouraged to take into consideration the potential for their vessel striking North Atlantic right whales when considering a “safe operational speed” during navigation.
*Non-excepted vessels are still prohibited from transiting through the restricted area.

TRIAL VOLUNTARY SLOWDOWN IN CABOT STRAIT

To coincide with the North Atlantic right whales entering and exiting the Gulf of St. Lawrence in large numbers, a trial voluntary slowdown is being put in place for the third year in Cabot Strait from April 20 to June 28, 2022, and from September 28 to November 15, 2022.

•During these periods, vessels above 13 m in length (LOA) are requested to voluntarily reduce their speed as to not exceed 10.0 knots over the ground.

Voluntary slowdown zone coordinates:

•48° 10.5’ N, 061° 00’ W
•47° 37.2’ N, 059° 18.5’ W
•47° 02’ N, 060° 23.7’ W
•47° 58.1’ N, 061° 03.5’ W

•48° 00’ N, 061° 00’ W

MAP OF THE GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE

The following map shows

•the static zones (north and south), in pink;
•the dynamic shipping zones (A, B, C, D and E), in green;
•the seasonal management areas, in dark pink;
•the trial voluntary slowdown zone, in grey;
•the restricted area, in dark blue; and

•the 36.57 m (20 fathom) shallow water protocol line.

This map is for visual representation only and is not to be used for navigation or enforcement.

NAVWARN BROADCASTS

The Canadian Coast Guard issues NAVWARNs:

•by radio broadcast; and

•online at Canada’s Maritime Information Portal and its Navigational Warnings site.

Mariners must ensure they have accurate and up-to-date information about the protection of the North Atlantic right whale, as in all applicable NOTMARs and NAVWARNs.
For the North Atlantic right whale speed restrictions, the NAVWARN(s) currently in effect will be provided to vessels subject to the Vessel Traffic Services Zone Regulations or the Eastern Canada Vessel Traffic Services Zone Regulations:

Outbound vessels will receive NAVWARNs

•at Calling-in-Point 10 (St-Laurent); or

•upon a departure downstream from the Quebec pilot station (including the Saguenay River, Chaleur Bay, Miramichi Bay, etc.)

Inbound vessels will receive NAVWARNs

•when a clearance to enter Canadian waters is granted

Vessels in transit will receive NAVWARNs

•at the last reporting point prior to entering the mandatory speed restriction zones; and/or

•at 10 nautical miles before they enter the mandatory speed restriction zones

For those vessels not subject to the above-mentioned regulations, vessel operators are required to monitor broadcasts by the Canadian Coast Guard’s Marine Communications and Traffic Services network for the most up-to-date information. For marine radio frequencies and broadcast times, information may be found in the Radio Aids to Marine Navigation publication.

AIDS TO NAVIGATION

The Canadian Coast Guard is currently testing virtual Automatic Identification System (AIS) aids to navigation (AIS AtoN) in specific areas. These aids notify mariners of a dynamic shipping zone and/or a seasonal management area subject to a speed restriction.

Each zone is delimited by four to six virtual AIS AtoN, which can be displayed on a ship’s navigation equipment, such as

•Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS);
•Electronic Chart System (ECS);
•RADAR;
•Minimum Keyboard Display (MKD); and

•Electronic Nautical Chart (ENC).

The Canadian Coast Guard broadcasts the virtual AIS AtoN only when a speed restriction is in effect in one or more testing zones.
Mariners must select the virtual AIS AtoN symbol to view a message such as “SectA1 Spd Lim 10 kt.” This message refers to a speed restriction in effect for a specific zone.

Note: This system is not the primary method of communicating this information.

COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT

Vessels must comply with the Interim Orders made pursuant to the Canada Shipping Act, 2001, and any NAVWARNs broadcast and published by the Canadian Coast Guard relating to the Interim Orders, aimed at regulating the navigation for the purposes of protecting the North Atlantic right whales.

If a vessel does not comply with the Interim Orders or instructions in the NAVWARNs related to the Interim Orders, the vessel could face:

•administrative monetary penalties up to a maximum of CAN $250,000; and/or

•penal sanctions under the Canada Shipping Act, 2001.

If a vessel appears to have violated the speed restriction, Transport Canada Marine Safety inspectors will review all information provided through AIS and seek an explanation from the master.
No exemptions to the speed restriction will be granted in advance. However, if a deviation from the speed restrictions is necessary for safety reasons, the following information must be entered into the bridge logbook:

•reason(s) for deviation;
•speed at which vessel is operated;
•latitude and longitude at time of deviation;
•time and duration of deviation; and

•master of the vessel shall sign and date the bridge logbook entry.

For any deviation, Transport Canada will review and consider reasons such as:

•navigating to ensure vessel safety;
•weather conditions;
•force majeure (unforeseeable circumstances); and

•responding to emergencies.

REPORT A NORTH ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALE SIGHTING

If you see live, free-swimming whales:

•Call 1-902-440-8611 (local) or 1-844-800-8568 (toll free)

•Email: XMARWhalesightings@dfo-mpo.gc.ca

If you see a North Atlantic right whale that is entangled, injured or dead, please report it to your nearest Canadian Coast Guard Marine Communications and Traffic Services Centre, or call:

Southern part of the Gulf of St. Lawrence

Marine Animal Response Society
Telephone: 1-866-567-6277

Newfoundland and Labrador

Whale Release and Strandings
Telephone: 1-888-895-3003

For the Québec Sector

Marine Mammal Emergencies
Telephone: 1-877-722-5346

Please consult WhaleMap for the latest right whale observations: https://whalemap.org/

*406/22Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park and Surrounding Waters – Whale Protection

(Recurrent publication of notice *406/22, originally published in the Notices to Mariners – Monthly Eastern Edition 04/2022 publication.)

The waters in and around the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park are well known for the resident endangered beluga population and the wide diversity of whales that migrate there to feed, particularly between April and November.

All whale species that are found in the St. Lawrence are protected under the Marine Mammal Regulations, pursuant to the Fisheries Act. Within the boundaries of the Marine Park, specific measures are set out in the Marine Activities in the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park Regulations, pursuant to the establishment of the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park Act. Any collision with a marine mammal within the Marine Park must immediately be reported to a park warden at 1-866-508-9888. For collisions that occur outside the Marine Park or for any situation involving a marine mammal that is dead or in trouble, contact the emergency network at 1-877-722-5346 or on VHF channel 16.

For more information on the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park, see notice 5C of the Notices to Mariners Annual Edition 2022.

Provisional measures in effect from May 1 to October 31, 2022. See map at the end of this notice.
These measures apply to merchant vessels and cruise ships between Pointe à Boisvert and Cap de la Tête au Chien to prevent collisions with whales. These measures should only be taken when they will not jeopardize navigational safety.
Caution area (yellow area): To reduce the risk of collisions with whales that can be present anywhere in this area, heightened vigilance of navigators is critical. Posting a lookout is recommended in order to increase the chances of seeing the whales and thus taking necessary measures to avoid them. If bypassing the whales is not possible, slow down and wait for the animals to move away to a distance greater than 400 metres (0.215 nautical miles) before resuming original speed. It is more difficult to see the animals at night therefore increased caution is recommended.
Slow down to 10 knots or less area (red area): To reduce the risk of collisions with whales in this feeding area, it is recommended that vessels slow down to a maximum speed through the water of 10 knots and post a lookout. It is further recommended to remain in the Laurentian Channel to the north of Île Rouge to minimize the impact of noise in a sensitive area south of this island, which is highly frequented by herds of beluga whales composed of females and young.
Area to be avoided (hatched red area): To reduce noise and the risk of collisions with whales, vessels should avoid transiting through this area which is highly frequented by blue whales, an endangered species. If the area cannot be avoided, slow down to a speed through the water of 10 knots or less.

*407/22Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park - Beluga Whale Protection: Slowdown Area at the Mouth of the Saguenay Fjord and Area Closure at Baie Sainte-Marguerite

(Recurrent publication of notice *407/22, originally published in the Notices to Mariners – Monthly Eastern Edition 04/2022 publication.)

The Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park and its surrounding area are at the heart of endangered beluga whale critical summer habitat. Marine mammal protection measures have been put in place in accordance with the Marine Activities in the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park Regulations within the limits of the Marine Park.
However, important feeding, calving and rearing areas for beluga whales require greater protection to ensure the recovery of the species. The portion of the Saguenay situated between the mouth of the Fjord and Baie Sainte-Marguerite is one of the areas most used by females and their young from May to October. The mouth of the Saguenay is known as a feeding ground and Baie Sainte-Marguerite as a calving and rearing area.
In order to prevent collisions with beluga whales, a compulsory 15-knot slowdown area is in effect from May 1^st to October 31^st at the mouth of the Saguenay. To ensure tranquility for female belugas and their young during the critical calving period, access to Baie Sainte-Marguerite is prohibited to all vessels from June 21^st to September 21^st, except for special authorizations (see description below).
For safety reasons, the slowdown area measure at the mouth of the Saguenay Fjord does not apply to cargo ships (see the monthly edition of Notice to Mariners from May to October for voluntary protection measures in the St. Lawrence Estuary). An enhanced vigilance is, however, recommended to all navigators between the mouth of the Saguenay Fjord and Baie Sainte-Marguerite for the protection of beluga whales.
For more information on the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park, see notice 5C of the Notices to Mariners Annual Edition 2022 or visit marinepark.qc.ca.

REGULATORY PROTECTION MEASURES — BELUGA WHALE

Entire Marine Park Territory:

•When beluga whales are less than half a nautical mile (926 metres) from a motorized vessel, the vessel must maintain a steady speed of between 5 and 10 knots.
•All vessels, including human-powered vessels (kayaks and canoes), must continue to move forward and maintain their heading.

•All vessels must maintain a minimum distance of 400 metres from beluga whales at all times.

For more information concerning the regulations, consult: marinepark.ca/protect/.

Mouth of the Saguenay Fjord (Figure 1) — Slowdown Area (area crosshatched in red):

•Maximum speed at the mouth of the Saguenay between buoys S7 and S8 and the ferry docks between Baie-Sainte-Catherine and Tadoussac is 15 knots from May 1^st to October 31^st.

Baie Sainte-Marguerite (Figure 2) — Area Closure (red area):

•From June 21^st to September 21^st, vessels must not enter the red area, which follows a line between Cap Nord-Ouest and Cap Sainte-Marguerite.

•Special authorizations are granted only for kayaks, canoes and recreational fishermen who must travel without stopping along a corridor within 10 metres of the shore or in shallow areas.

VOLUNTARY PROTECTION MEASURES

Baie Sainte-Marguerite sector (Figure 2) — Transit Area (area crosshatched in yellow):

•From June 21^st to September 21^st, navigation in this area is recommended at a speed of between 5 and 10 knots without stopping.

The purpose of this transit area is to favour respect of the Marine Activities in the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park Regulations, since beluga whales are often present in the Baie Sainte-Marguerite sector.

INFORMATION

All incidents, including collisions with whales, must be reported without delay by calling 1-866-508-9888. For any other situation concerning a marine mammal that is either dead or in trouble, contact the Marine Mammal Emergency Response Network at 1-877-722-5346, or use VHF channel 16.

Figure 1

Figure 2

*901/22Canadian Hydrographic Service – Nautical Charts

*The 2022 edition of Chart 1 is available in PDF and HTML at no cost, from Chart 1 - Symbols, Abbreviations and Terms (charts.gc.ca). The references to Chart 1 in Section 2, will be aligned with this New Edition 2022, starting October 1^st.

*902/22Canadian Hydrographic Service – Electronic Navigational Charts

*903/22Canadian Hydrographic Service – Raster Digital Charts (BSB V3)

*904/22Transport Canada – Ship Safety Bulletin #02 and #18/2021 and #10/2022

Updated Ship Safety Bulletins have recently been posted on the Transport Canada website.

To view or download these bulletins, please click on the links below:

SSB#02/2021 – Request for notification of any person or crew member on board that has a serious illness or any COVID-19 symptoms (modified August 12, 2022)
RDIMS# 18811185

SSB#18/2021 – Measures to Support Safe Cruise Travel in Canada (modified September 8, 2022)
RDIMS# 18638891

SSB#10/2022 – New environmental measures for cruise ships in waters under Canadian jurisdiction – 2022 season (modified August 18, 2022)
RDIMS# 18490623

Sign up for e-Bulletin to receive an e-mail notice each time a new Ship Safety Bulletin is published on our website.

Contact us at marinesafety-securitemaritime@tc.gc.ca or 1-855-859-3123 (Toll Free).

*906/22Lake Ontario/Lac Ontario (Western Portion/Partie Ouest) – Unlit Buoy Permanently Established

Reference chart: 2077

The following unlit buoy has been permanently established:

(B2022-017)

*907/22Pointe aux Pins to/à Point Pelee – Unlit Buoy Permanently Established

Reference chart: 2122

The following unlit buoy has been permanently established:

(B2022-046)

*908/22Plans Baie des Chaleurs / Chaleur Bay - Côte sud / South Shore – Unlit Buoys Repositioned

Reference chart: 4920

The following unlit buoys have been repositioned:

(G2022-098, 100)

*909/22Hardie Island to/à Fort Good Hope Kilometre 1040 / Kilometre 1100 – Daybeacon Permanently Discontinued

Reference chart: 6421

The following daybeacon has been permanently discontinued:

(A2022-012)

Section 1A: Temporary and Preliminary Notices

Reminder – Comment Period for Active Preliminary Notices

This is a reminder that the comment period is still open for the following active Preliminary notices:

Please refer to the Notices to Mariners - Monthly Summary of Temporary and Preliminary Notices publication for details.

No notices applicable for this edition.

No notices applicable for this edition.

*910(T)/22Smith Falls to/à Kingston including/y compris Tay River to/à Perth – Construction Operations Completed

Reference: Notice 908(T)/20 is cancelled.

Construction operations are now complete and no longer affect traffic in the navigation channel.

Central Region

*911(P)/22Britannia Bay à/to Chats Falls – Aid to Navigation to be Discontinued

Reference chart: 1550

The Canadian Coast Guard proposes to permanently discontinue the following aid to navigation:

Initial publication date: Friday, September 30, 2022
Comment submission deadline: Thursday, December 29, 2022

(B2022-088)

No notices applicable for this edition.

*912(P)/22Canadian Coast Guard – Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) in Canada

On December 15th, 2022, the Canadian Coast Guard will permanently discontinue the provision of its DGPS service across Canada.

Discontinuing this service aligns with Coast Guard’s efforts to modernize marine navigation services and find alternatives to aging DGPS infrastructures.

Today’s GPS meets the needs of international Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) requirements. Further, for mariners in Canadian waters, there is no carriage requirement for ground- or space-based augmentation capability onboard vessels for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS).

Modern GNSS receivers can use the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) as a viable alternative to DGPS. Coast Guard’s technical review of PNT solutions for Canada, and a study of the performance of WAAS found coverage to be excellent throughout Canada, including up to 72’ north latitude in the Arctic.